AWS Interview Questions

Amazon Web Services (AWS) is one of the leading cloud computing platforms, and its popularity means many job opportunities. Preparing for AWS interviews can be challenging, but with the right questions, you can feel confident and ready to succeed.

Basic Questions

• What is AWS?
  AWS (Amazon Web Services) is a secure cloud services platform offering compute power, database storage, content delivery, and other functionalities to help businesses scale and grow.
• What are the core components of AWS architecture?
  The core components include:
  • EC2: Virtual servers in the cloud.
  • S3: Scalable object storage.
  • RDS: Managed relational databases.
  • IAM: Identity and Access Management for security.
• What is the difference between AWS regions and availability zones?
  AWS regions are geographical areas (e.g., US-East-1), while availability zones are isolated data centers within a region that ensure high availability.

Intermediate Questions

• How does EC2 Auto Scaling work?
  EC2 Auto Scaling automatically adjusts the number of EC2 instances to maintain application performance and minimize costs by scaling up or down based on demand.
• What is the purpose of Amazon S3 storage classes?
  S3 offers different storage classes based on access patterns:
  • Standard: High durability, availability, and performance.
  • Intelligent-Tiering: Automatically moves data to the most cost-effective access tier.
  • Glacier: Low-cost storage for archiving and long-term backup.
• How do you secure an AWS environment?
  Security measures include:
  • Using IAM roles and policies for controlled access.
  • Implementing security groups and network ACLs.
  • Encrypting data at rest and in transit using AWS KMS.
  • Regularly monitoring using AWS CloudTrail and GuardDuty.

Advanced Questions

• How do you implement disaster recovery on AWS?
  Disaster recovery strategies include:
  • Backup and Restore: Regular backups of data to S3 or Glacier.
  • Pilot Light: Keeping a minimal setup running with the ability to scale during disaster.
  • Warm Standby: A scaled-down version of production running on standby.
  • Multi-site: Fully active systems running across multiple regions.
• What are AWS Lambda's use cases?
  AWS Lambda is used for:
  • Building serverless applications.
  • Processing data streams in real-time (e.g., Kinesis).
  • Automating operational tasks.
  • Responding to events such as S3 bucket updates.
• Explain the concept of infrastructure as code (IaC) in AWS.
  Infrastructure as Code (IaC) involves managing infrastructure through code rather than manual processes. Tools like AWS CloudFormation and Terraform enable you to define and provision AWS resources using templates and scripts.

Additional Questions

• What is the Shared Responsibility Model?
  It defines the security responsibilities between AWS and the customer. AWS handles the security "of" the cloud (infrastructure), while customers handle security "in" the cloud (data, applications).
• What is an Elastic Load Balancer (ELB)?
  ELB automatically distributes incoming traffic across multiple targets, ensuring high availability and fault tolerance.
• How does AWS CloudWatch work?
  AWS CloudWatch monitors resources and applications, collecting metrics and logs to provide actionable insights.

Sample Code

# Example: Creating an S3 bucket using AWS CLI aws s3 mb s3://my-unique-bucket-name # Example: Deploying a CloudFormation stack aws cloudformation deploy \ --template-file template.yaml \ --stack-name my-stack-name

Understanding AWS services and their real-world applications will boost your confidence during interviews.

With these questions and a solid understanding of AWS services, you'll be better prepared to ace your next interview and land your dream job.

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